Tax Day freebies: Get free Arby's, Cinnabon, and more

Tax Day freebies are being offered by several restaurant chains in honor of the April 17 filing deadline. Here is your comprehensive list of tax day freebies.

Today is Tax Day, among the most stressful days of the year for procrastinators across the country. But filers, take heart: this is also the most widespread food giveaway day of the year, with several restaurant chains offering sweet tax day deals.? Here is our comprehensive list of Tax Day freebies, with links to whatever coupons you'll need. The deals are listed alphabetically and divided into "free," ?buy one, get one free,? and ?free with purchase? deals, so you can decide where to eat depending on your tax bracket (and the size of your refund). Because whether you?re scrambling to file, or you filed months ago and are looking to save the last few bucks of your refund, the food corporations of America know that we could all use a little help around Tax Day.

Skip to next paragraph

FREE:

Arby?s: Free value-sized (small) curly fries and a chance to win $5,000. This is the only deal that?s not only free; it?s potentially profitable.

?Need a coupon? Yes. ?Get it when you ?Like? Arby?s on Facebook

Cinnabon: Two free ?Bites? ? tiny Cinnabon rolls ? per customer between 6 pm and 8 pm This is our favorite deal, because no one needs more than two bites of Cinnabon. Even on tax day.

Need a coupon? No.

Maggie Moo?s/Marble Slab Creamery: Free frozen yogurt between 4 pm and 7 pm

?Need a coupon? No.

Panda Express:? Free Shanghai Angus steak meal ? a stir fry with Angus top sirloin, onions, mushrooms, and Asparagus. ?Extra points for being the only truly free ?meal? available on Tax Day. Some of us will need it.

?Need a coupon: Yes. The offer is available through Panda Express? Facebook page.

Seattle?s Best: A free sample of ground coffee with a Facebook ?like?, or a small coffee at the shop.

?Need a coupon? Not for the free cup. ?Like? Seattle?s Best on Facebook for the free sample.

?Bonus Fact: Did you know that Seattle?s Best is owned by the Starbucks corporation? Ergo, there is no Tax Day deal at Starbucks.

BUY ONE GET ONE FREE:

Boston Market: Buy one meal and a fountain drink for yourself, get a free meal for a friend (who doesn?t get a fountain drink. Sorry).

?Need a Coupon? Yes,?here it is.

White Castle: Buy one chicken breast sandwich, get one free.

?Need a coupon? You do. It?s here.?

FREE WITH PURCHASE/OTHER DEALS:

?Chevy's Fresh Mex: A tax-free deal. Chevy's will pay sales tax on all meals.?

Need a Coupon? No.

Chili?s: Free dessert or appetizer with an adult entr?e purchase. Only one coupon is redeemable per table, so it looks like you?ll have to go alone.

Need a coupon?Yep. This coupon.

IHOP: Kids eat free with a paying adult from 4 pm to 10 pm. Offer valid through ?the month of April.

Need a coupon? No

McDonald?s: Free pie or small cone with purchase of $2.99 or more. Only available at participating locations.

Need a coupon? ?No.

PF Chang?s: 15 percent off your entire order.

Need a coupon? No.

Sonic: ?Happy hour? ? Half price drinks all day April 17.

Need a coupon? No.

NON-FOOD DEALS:

Banana Republic: Some of us would prefer to drown our fiscal sorrows in cute sweaters, rather than greasy fast food. Thankfully, Banana Republic ?s website is offering 30 percent off your entire Tax Day purchase, plus free shipping on all orders over $50.

Need a coupon? Enter the code BRTAXBREAK at checkout

hope solo hope solo texas high school football fugazi fugazi indiana jones and the last crusade nba lockout

U.S. to guarantee loans to help Tunisian transition

[ [ [['A picture is worth a thousand words', 5]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/why-facebook-bought-instagram-4-theories-160400376.html', '[Related: Why Facebook bought Instagram: 4 theories]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['He was in shock and still strapped to his seat', 9]], 'http://contributor.yahoo.com/join/yahoonews_virginiabeach', '[Did you witness the jet crash? Share your story with Yahoo! News]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['A JetBlue flight from New York to Las Vegas', 3]], 'http://yhoo.it/GV9zpj', '[Related: View photos of the JetBlue plane in Amarillo]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['Dick Clark', 11]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/dick-clark-dies-at-82-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/c/21/c217c61aa2d5872244c08caa13c16ec5.jpeg', '500', ' ', 'Reuters', ], [ [['the 28-year-old neighborhood watchman who shot and killed', 15]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/white-house-stays-out-of-teen-s-killing-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/cv/ip/ap/default/120411/martinzimmermen.jpg', '630', ' ', 'AP', ], [ [['Titanic', 7]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/titanic-anniversary/', ' ', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/b/4e/b4e5ad9f00b5dfeeec2226d53e173569.jpeg', '550', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['He was in shock and still strapped to his seat', 6]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/navy-jet-crashes-in-virginia-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/cv/ip/ap/default/120406/jet_ap.jpg', '630', ' ', 'AP', ], [ [['xxxxxxxxxxxx', 11]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/russian-grannies-win-bid-to-sing-at-eurovision-1331223625-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/1/56/156d92f2760dcd3e75bcd649a8b85fcf.jpeg', '500', ' ', 'AP', ] ]

[ [ [[' the 28-year-old neighborhood watchman who shot and killed', 4]], '28924649', '0' ], [ [['because I know God protects me', 14], ['Brian Snow was at a nearby credit union', 5]], '28811216', '0' ], [ [['The state news agency RIA-Novosti quoted Rosaviatsiya', 6]], '28805461', '0' ], [ [['measure all but certain to fail in the face of bipartisan', 4]], '28771014', '0' ], [ [['matter what you do in this case', 5]], '28759848', '0' ], [ [['presume laws are constitutional', 7]], '28747556', '0' ], [ [['has destroyed 15 to 25 houses', 7]], '28744868', '0' ], [ [['short answer is yes', 7]], '28746030', '0' ], [ [['opportunity to tell the real story', 7]], '28731764', '0' ], [ [['entirely respectable way to put off the searing constitutional controversy', 7]], '28723797', '0' ], [ [['point of my campaign is that big ideas matter', 9]], '28712293', '0' ], [ [['As the standoff dragged into a second day', 7]], '28687424', '0' ], [ [['French police stepped up the search', 17]], '28667224', '0' ], [ [['Seeking to elevate his candidacy back to a general', 8]], '28660934', '0' ], [ [['The tragic story of Trayvon Martin', 4]], '28647343', '0' ], [ [['Karzai will get a chance soon to express', 8]], '28630306', '0' ], [ [['powerful storms stretching', 8]], '28493546', '0' ], [ [['basic norm that death is private', 6]], '28413590', '0' ], [ [['songwriter also saw a surge in sales for her debut album', 6]], '28413590', '1', 'Watch music videos from Whitney Houston ', 'on Yahoo! Music', 'http://music.yahoo.com' ], [ [['keyword', 99999999999999999999999]], 'videoID', '1', 'overwrite-pre-description', 'overwrite-link-string', 'overwrite-link-url' ] ]

did groundhog see his shadow soul train don cornelius rod parsley barry sanders jr nick carter sister recruiting rankings san onofre

Brain cancer vaccine proves effective in multicenter trial |

A new brain cancer vaccine tailored to individual patients by using material from their own tumors has proven effective in a multicenter phase 2 clinical trial at extending their lives by several months or longer. The patients suffered from recurrent glioblastoma multiforme?which kills thousands of Americans every year. Brain cancer vaccine proves effective in multicenter trial

FIND the best NO WIN NO FEE Lawyers from our A list.

Fill out this quick form and we will put you in touch with THE BEST IN THE INDUSTRY:
Personal injury attorneys | Auto accident solicitors | Employment lawyers

You will be contacted by a lawyer within 24 hours.

Government resources:

Government lawyers help develop programs, draft and interpret laws and legislation, and establish enforcement procedures.
Laws and Regulations, General Reference Resources.

var sc_project=6648703;
var sc_invisible=1;
var sc_security=?a2605630?;

susan powell megamillions winners university of louisville louisville ky final four lotto winners mega ball winning numbers

Home Improvement Increase Worth | Oak Homes

Article by Jim Bellows

When you are thinking of selling your home, crucial considerations must be given attention; such is the truth that residence improvement boost value of residence. So for the notion that house improvement improve worth, prior to you sell your residence you attempt to obtain for some preparations to support the claim that home improvement boost worth of residence.

The notion that ?home improvement increase value? is really accurate. In reality house improvement will be the smartest method to take to support the claim that residence improvement boost value. House improvement improve worth inside the sense that the profile of the home is the initial factor that the buyers will notice. To support the claim that house improvement boost worth, here are a few of the samples of returns for some of the well-known home improvement projects: kitchen remodel (minor) is 125% in Connecticut; basement remodel is 98% in California; bathroom addition is 96% in Missouri; kitchen remodel (major) is 92% in Kentucky; bathroom remodel in Oregon is 90%; exterior paint in Pennsylvania is 90%; and master bedroom in Florida is 86%. These statistics to support the claim that home improvement increase worth are compiled from different published surveys, and these are mainly based on main cities inside states.

Typically, given such supports for the notion that home improvement increase value, the kitchen and bathroom remodeling, as an ally to the claim that home improvement improve worth, actually provide the highest percentage return on the home owners? investment. In addition, the bathroom and family members room renovations also support the claim that home improvement increase value for the reality that it offer a fairly high return to the home owner.

Among the notable back up to the claim that residence improvement increase worth, repainting is too important. In reality, many of the residence value specialists noted that repainting the exterior of the home will show formal returns in most markets. As such, it is really true that house improvement boost value.

Along those supports for the claim that residence improvement improve worth, contemplating of the original design of the house in mind is really essential. ?Home improvement boost value? is true when you stick with either comparable supplies for remodeling or complementing ones. It is just crucial which you know the best way to make your residence attractive and inviting for the buyer to totally submit his attention and interest. It also essential that to aid the claim that house improvement increase value, you must attempt to think for some color scheme and decors for your home.

To further support the claim that house improvement improve worth, particular researches noted that if you?ll find some important things to be put up just to agree that residence improvement improve value, for example putting extra deck or spacious basement for the kids to play, and then go for it. Such won?t only back up the notion that house improvement increase worth but will make your home look good and inviting.

So for those that desire to experience the truth about the claim that house improvement boost worth, then you commence remodeling your house as soon as achievable.

marques colston buffalo bills jessica simpson golden state warriors free agents nfl 2012 milwaukee bucks bear grylls

Oracle skewers Google as Android trial opens Elated Taint Tats By ...

Oracle began Monday trying to convince a jury that Google?s top executives have long known that they stole a key piece of technology to build the Android software that now powers more than more than 300 million smartphones and tablet computers.

The unflattering portrait of Google was drawn by Oracle lawyer Michael Jacobs in the opening phase of a complex trial pitting two Silicon Valley powerhouses in a battle delving into the often mind-numbing minutiae of intellectual property and computer coding.

?We will prove to you from beginning to end ? that Google knew it was using someone else?s property,? Jacobs said near the end of his hour-long opening statement.

?We will prove to you from beginning to end ? that Google knew it was using someone else?s property.?

- Oracle lawyer Michael Jacobs

Google?s lawyers will counter with their opening statements Tuesday.

The showdown in a San Francisco federal court centers on Oracle?s allegations that Google?s Android software infringes on the patents and copyrights of Java, a programming technology that Sun Microsystems began developing 20 years ago.

Oracle Corp., a business software maker based in Redwood Shores, acquired the rights to Java when it bought Sun Microsystems for $7.3 billion in January 2010.

Google Inc., the Mountain View, California-based Internet search leader, has steadfastly denied Oracle?s allegations since the lawsuit was filed seven months after the Sun deal closed.

The impasse has left it to a 12-member jury to resolve the dispute in a trial scheduled to last as long as 10 weeks. U.S. District Judge William Alsup devoted most of Monday?s session to picking the jury, leaving only enough time for Oracle to lay out the framework for its case.

Oracle is seeking hundreds of millions of dollars in damages and an injunction that would force Google to pay future licensing fees or find an alternative to Java to keep its Android system running smoothly.

At one point in the lawsuit, Oracle estimated it might be owed as much as $6.1 billion. But Alsup has whittled the case down in a way that has substantially lowered the size of the potential payout if Google loses.

In a sign of how far apart the two sides are, Google last month said it would be willing to pay $2.8 million plus a tiny percentage of its future revenue if the jury decides Android infringed on two Java patents. Google hasn?t publicly estimated what it thinks its liability might be if the jury decides Android violated 37 Java programming copyrights as alleged by Oracle.

The copyright disagreement ? the most important point of the case ? will be covered in the first phase of the trial followed by the patent dispute. If necessary, a third phase will be devoted to how much money Google owes Oracle.

Much of the evidence presented during the trial will delve into highly technical fare likely only to appeal to programming geeks and patent-law aficionados. However, there may be dramatic interludes that lift a veil on the inner workings of two of the world?s most influential technology companies.

The intrigue will include testimony from the two companies? multibillionaire CEOs, Oracle?s Larry Ellison and Google?s Larry Page. Oracle indicated on Monday that it could call Ellison to the stand as early as Tuesday.

Several other industry luminaries, including former Google CEO Eric Schmidt and former Sun Microsystems CEO Jonathan Schwartz, are also on the list of potential witnesses.

Jacobs focused much of his opening statement on excerpts in internal emails that suggest Google knew it needed to pay licensing fees to use some of the Java technology that went into Android, a project that began in earnest in 2005 when Google bought a startup run by Andy Rubin. The first phone running on Android software didn?t go on sale until October 2008, about 15 months before Oracle bought Sun Microsystems and stepped up the attempts to make Google pay up for the Java technology.

Oracle cited an October 2005 email from Rubin to Page as an early sign that Google realized it probably would have to pay Sun for using Java in Android.

?My proposal is that we take a license that specifically grants the right for us to Open Source our product,? Rubin wrote.

Jacobs pointed to a May 2006 email from Schmidt to Rubin as an indication that Google knew it might need to seek other solutions for Android if it couldn?t work out an agreement with Sun.

?How are we doing on the Sun deal?? Schmidt asked in his message. ?Its (sic) it time to develop a non-Java solution to avoid dealing with them??

By August 2010, Google still hadn?t been able to find any satisfactory alternatives to Java, according to an email that Google engineer Tim Lindholm sent to Rubin.

?We have been over a bunch of these, and think they all suck,? wrote Lindholm, who worked at Sun Microsystems before joining Google. ?We conclude that we need to negotiate a license for Java under the terms we need.?

The lack of a licensing agreement ultimately didn?t deter Google, Jacobs told the jury, because the company realized it needed a mobile software system to preserve its digital search-and-advertising empire as more sophisticated phones enabled more people to surf the Internet while they were away from their desktop computers.?

Java provided Google with a springboard into mobile computing because 6 million software programmers were already familiar with the technology and could easily create applications that would run on Android, Jacobs said.

Although Google doesn?t charge device makers to use Android, the company makes money from some of the mobile advertising and mobile applications sold on the system. Google has said its mobile advertising revenue now exceeds $2.5 billion, but it hasn?t specified how much of that money comes from Android-powered devices.

ama awards 2011 uekman uekman music awards music awards giants eagles bcs rankings week 13

Don't pin Breivik's massacre on video games

8 hrs.

LONDON - That Anders Breivik was a regular player of violent video games does not explain why the Norwegian became the calm killer of 77 mostly young people, many of whom would have shared his gaming passion.

An obsession with games such as "World of Warcraft" might seem a plausible explanation for why the apparently unremarkable 33-year-old, now on trial for murder in Oslo, came to carry out the shooting spree and bomb attack last July, but it is a dangerous simplification driven by our need to understand.

"People want an answer for why these thing happen. That's completely understandable," said Seena Fazel, a consultant forensic psychiatrist at Britain's University of Oxford. "That's also why mental illness is often an attractive avenue, because it does seem to provide some sort of answer."?

The motive, in part, is to understand what distinguishes a mass killer from the rest of us, experts say. Breivik's game-playing, however, doesn't do that.?

Tore Sinding Bekkedal, who escaped unharmed from the island of Utoeya while Breivik carried out the shooting, told Reuters he found it "baffling" to link computer games to the attack.?

"I've played the same violent video games, and I don't go around shooting kids. Half the people on Utoeya played that same game ... It's an established part of youth culture," he said.?

Correlation or causation?
Breivik told the court he once played "Modern Warfare" for 17 hours straight, and that he used such computer games to work out the police response and his best escape strategy.

Fazel points to a 2008 paper in the journal Criminal Justice and Behaviour, which he says is one of the most cited studies in this research field and which describes two experiments designed to test whether violent games encourage violence.?

The results showed that while males were more aggressive than females, neither exposure to violent-video-game conditions in a laboratory, nor previous real-life exposure to violent video games caused any differences in aggression.?

The researchers concluded that "trait aggression, family violence, and male gender were predictive of violent crime, but exposure to violent games was not".?

Correlation is often wrongly confused with causation, says Christopher Chambers, a senior research fellow at Cardiff University's School of Psychology.?

"If a person plays violent video games and then commits acts of violence, it doesn't prove that the video games caused the violence. There could be no link whatsoever, or it might even be the other way round: that the person's violent tendencies drew them to violent video games in the first place," he said.?

Alternative reality
In "World of Warcraft", players create and control a character in an online world, fighting battles and completing quests for rewards. Since its launch in 2004, it has earned a reputation as one of the world's most addictive computer games and has already been linked to criminal acts.

In June last year an American mother was jailed for 25 years after her three-year-old daughter died from malnutrition while she played the game for hours on end.

But, says Henrietta Bowden-Jones, consultant psychiatrist in addictions at Imperial College London, while World of Warcraft is notorious as highly addictive and as a game that features in the lives of some patients with compulsive Internet use, it cannot be blamed for Breivik's killing spree.

"World of Warcraft is not necessarily creating but attracting people who may be finding it difficult to fit in with their peer groups," she told Reuters.

Obsessive game playing for such people can therefore be a symptom of their discomfort with reality.

Thomas Hylland Eriksen, professor of social anthropology at the University of Oslo, said Breivik's testimony shows how much he needed to build "an alternative reality" for himself, something he extended to the real world when he donned a homemade uniform and went out to kill.

"He likes order, he doesn't like impurity and chaos and he's obsessed with boundaries," Eriksen said.

"When he puts on his uniform, he's no longer the lone, slightly unsuccessful young man from the west end of Oslo who never completed an education, never did really well in real life; he becomes a knight, a defender of civilization, of Europe against the invading Muslims."

Additional reporting by Balazs Koranyi, Walter Gibbs and Victoria Klesty in Oslo.

mike jones just friends chronicle rampart lance armstrong george lopez bedtime stories

Politicos Giving 2012 Commencement Speeches

[ [ [['A picture is worth a thousand words', 5]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/why-facebook-bought-instagram-4-theories-160400376.html', '[Related: Why Facebook bought Instagram: 4 theories]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['He was in shock and still strapped to his seat', 9]], 'http://contributor.yahoo.com/join/yahoonews_virginiabeach', '[Did you witness the jet crash? Share your story with Yahoo! News]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['A JetBlue flight from New York to Las Vegas', 3]], 'http://yhoo.it/GV9zpj', '[Related: View photos of the JetBlue plane in Amarillo]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['Dick Clark', 11]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/dick-clark-dies-at-82-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/c/21/c217c61aa2d5872244c08caa13c16ec5.jpeg', '500', ' ', 'Reuters', ], [ [['the 28-year-old neighborhood watchman who shot and killed', 15]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/white-house-stays-out-of-teen-s-killing-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/cv/ip/ap/default/120411/martinzimmermen.jpg', '630', ' ', 'AP', ], [ [['Titanic', 7]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/titanic-anniversary/', ' ', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/b/4e/b4e5ad9f00b5dfeeec2226d53e173569.jpeg', '550', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['He was in shock and still strapped to his seat', 6]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/navy-jet-crashes-in-virginia-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/cv/ip/ap/default/120406/jet_ap.jpg', '630', ' ', 'AP', ], [ [['xxxxxxxxxxxx', 11]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/russian-grannies-win-bid-to-sing-at-eurovision-1331223625-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/1/56/156d92f2760dcd3e75bcd649a8b85fcf.jpeg', '500', ' ', 'AP', ] ]

[ [ [[' the 28-year-old neighborhood watchman who shot and killed', 4]], '28924649', '0' ], [ [['because I know God protects me', 14], ['Brian Snow was at a nearby credit union', 5]], '28811216', '0' ], [ [['The state news agency RIA-Novosti quoted Rosaviatsiya', 6]], '28805461', '0' ], [ [['measure all but certain to fail in the face of bipartisan', 4]], '28771014', '0' ], [ [['matter what you do in this case', 5]], '28759848', '0' ], [ [['presume laws are constitutional', 7]], '28747556', '0' ], [ [['has destroyed 15 to 25 houses', 7]], '28744868', '0' ], [ [['short answer is yes', 7]], '28746030', '0' ], [ [['opportunity to tell the real story', 7]], '28731764', '0' ], [ [['entirely respectable way to put off the searing constitutional controversy', 7]], '28723797', '0' ], [ [['point of my campaign is that big ideas matter', 9]], '28712293', '0' ], [ [['As the standoff dragged into a second day', 7]], '28687424', '0' ], [ [['French police stepped up the search', 17]], '28667224', '0' ], [ [['Seeking to elevate his candidacy back to a general', 8]], '28660934', '0' ], [ [['The tragic story of Trayvon Martin', 4]], '28647343', '0' ], [ [['Karzai will get a chance soon to express', 8]], '28630306', '0' ], [ [['powerful storms stretching', 8]], '28493546', '0' ], [ [['basic norm that death is private', 6]], '28413590', '0' ], [ [['songwriter also saw a surge in sales for her debut album', 6]], '28413590', '1', 'Watch music videos from Whitney Houston ', 'on Yahoo! Music', 'http://music.yahoo.com' ], [ [['keyword', 99999999999999999999999]], 'videoID', '1', 'overwrite-pre-description', 'overwrite-link-string', 'overwrite-link-url' ] ]

ufc 139 results lee corso lee corso thanksgiving appetizers greg jennings thanksgiving recipes thanksgiving recipes

Himalayan glaciers could be growing, new study finds

A new study published in Nature Geoscience has discovered Himalayan glaciers that are not shrinking at all. They could be getting larger.

Glaciers and sea ice around the world are melting at unprecedented rates, but new data indicates that this phenomenon may be lopsided. It seems that some areas of the Himalayan mountain range are melting faster than others, which aren't melting at all, a new study indicates.

Skip to next paragraph

Specifically, the Karakoram mountain range is holding steady, and may even be growing in size, the study, published in the April 2012 issue of the journal Nature Geoscience, suggests.

"The rest of the glaciers in the Himalayas are mostly melting, in that they have negative mass balance, here we found that glaciers aren't," study researcher Julie Gardelle, of CNRS-Universit? Grenoble, France, told LiveScience. "This is an anomalous behavior."

Karakoram mountains

The Karakoram mountain range spans the India-China-Pakistan border. It is home to the world's second highest peak, K2, and has the highest concentration of peaks over 5 miles (8 kilometers) high in the world. It is home to about half of the volume of the Himalayan glaciers.

The researchers used satellite photos to analyze the extent of the ice in about a quarter of the total range ? about 2,167 square miles (5,615 square kilometers). The photos were taken in 1999 and 2008. The researchers used two computer models to translate the images, revealing the elevation of the glaciers and estimating the extent of the ice.

They found that the glaciers are holding steady and based on the numbers might actually be gaining mass. But Gardelle warns this doesn't mean global warming and glacier melt isn't happening elsewhere.

"We don't want this study to be seen as questioning the planet's global warming," she told LiveScience. "With global warming we can get higher precipitation at high altitudes and latitudes, so thickening isn't out of the question." [10 Global Warming Myths Busted]

Glacier growth

Glaciers grow and shrink based on how much snow falls and the temperatures in the area. Why this area isn't showing the melt seen in other areas is still a mystery. "For now we don't have any explanation," Gardelle said. "There's been a study reporting an increase in winter precipitation, this could maybe be a reason for the equilibrium, but that's just a guess."

Because of its location and physical characteristics of the glaciers themselves, it was been exceptionally difficult to study the glaciers in this region. Usually satellite photos are combined with physical readings of the ice extent, and Gardelle says they'd like to get the physical data in the future to validate their findings.

Previous estimates had suggested the Himalayan mountain range as a whole was contributing about 0.04 millimeters per year to sea-level rise. These numbers now need to be adjusted to account for the anomaly of the Karakoram region, and are probably more like negative 0.006 millimeters per year, the researchers say.

"Evidently, extrapolation and analogy have failed in this significant region," Graham Cogley, a researcher from Trent University, in Canada, who wasn't involved in the study wrote in an accompanying essay in the same issue of Nature Geoscience.

"It seems that, by a quirk of the atmospheric general circulation that is not understood, more snow is being delivered to the mountain range at present and less heat," Cogley wrote. "Gardelle and colleagues have demonstrated that the mass balance of Karakoram glaciers is indeed anomalous compared with the global average."

?

barbados resorts the call helen mirren surrogates surrogates james garner veteran

Exploring Earth: From surface to sea

[ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 19-Apr-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Kea Giles
kgiles@geosociety.org
Geological Society of America

New Geosphere science posted online ahead of print April 19

Boulder, Colo., USA Five new Geosphere articles posted online today include additions to themed issues: "Exploring the Deep Sea and Beyond"; "Seeing the True Shape of Earth's Surface: Applications of Airborne and Terrestrial LiDAR in the Geosciences"; and "Geodynamics and Consequences of Lithospheric Removal in the Sierra Nevada, California." Locations studied: the Sierra Nevada, California; the San Juan volcanic field, Colorado; the western Alaska continental margin: Kodiak to Unimak; Pyramid Lake, Nevada; and the Appalachian fold-thrust belt, Pennsylvania.

Geophysical study of the San Juan Mountains batholith complex, southwestern Colorado
Benjamin J. Drenth et al., Conoco-Phillips School of Geology & Geophysics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA; and U.S. Geological Survey, MS 964, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, USA. Posted online 19 April 2012; doi: 10.1130/GES00715.1.

The San Juan volcanic field in southwestern Colorado, USA, is one of the largest examples of silicic volcanism in the world. The volcanic rocks on the surface have been studied in detail for several decades, although related rocks that exist at depth and were never erupted have not been well-studied. Benjamin J. Drenth and colleagues use a combination of gravity and seismic geophysical methods to study the subsurface beneath the volcanic field. They image large igneous intrusive complex to estimate its shape, thickness, and volume. These results provide new constraints on the development of the volcanic field and related buried rocks.


Subducting plate geology in three great earthquake ruptures of the western Alaska margin, Kodiak to Unimak
Roland von Huene et al., emeritus, U.S. Geological Survey, and emeritus, Geomar Institute for Marine Geoscience, Wischhofstrasse 1-3, 24149 Kiel, Germany. Posted online 19 April 2012; doi: 10.1130/GES00715.1.

The western Alaska continental margin has a history of destructive earthquakes, some of which produced trans-Pacific tsunamis that inundated the U.S. mainland's west coast. These earthquakes occur when the interface between the continental upper plate and the under-thrust oceanic lower plate rupture. Three great earthquakes were recorded at multiple seismometers in the past 70 years. Their aftershock distribution approximates the extent of rupture. Roland von Huene and colleagues examined the geologic character of these ruptures to understand them better. Earthquake ruptures run through oceanic sediment which was carried on the ocean crust to their present position beneath the continent during the past 10 million years. By reconstructing the 10-million-year history of geologic processes along the continental margin, they were able to infer the types of these deeply buried ruptured materials. They found that differences in material correlate with individual earthquake ruptures. They also found that ridges in the Gulf of Alaska with volcanoes up to 3 km high intersect and rupture the continental slope topography. This geology indicates that the ridges and volcanoes most likely extend under the continent. The inferred deeply buried ridge locations occur where the ruptures of two great earthquakes on either side ended. This indicates that under-thrust ocean relief probably blocked further propagation of earthquake rupture. At other under-thrust volcanoes, earthquake rupture began, indicating that high relief on the rupture plane can also trigger earthquakes, as has been observed elsewhere. If under thrust ridges and volcanoes have controlled earthquake ruptures in the past, they may constrain and initiate future earthquakes. Such knowledge can help efforts to anticipate where the next great earthquake and tsunami may occur. The submarine Alaska continental slope is locally unstable, and huge landslide scars up to 45 km wide are observed. These may also be involved with tsunami generation, but data are insufficient along the Alaskan margin to understand their role. The tsunami of 1946 that damaged not only its Alaskan source region but also Hawaii and Pacific Islands to Antarctica is proposed to have involved submarine land sliding during this earthquake. This study helps determine where monitoring instruments and better marine geophysical data along the vast Alaska continental margin can help in the quest to anticipate future earthquake hazards that can affect the mainland U.S. west coast.


Response of the Truckee River to lowering base level at Pyramid Lake, NV, based on historical air photos and LiDAR data
Kenneth D. Adams, Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, Nevada 89512, USA . Posted online 19 April 2012; doi: 10.1130/GES00698.1.

Over the last 120 years, the level of Pyramid Lake has dropped by about 20 m due to upstream water use and diversion. In response, the inflowing Truckee River incised its bed and widened its channel, causing the river to become steeper, straighter, and smoother. Kenneth D. Adams of the Desert Research Institute uses aerial photographs and LiDAR topographic data to track this incision and the formation of stream terraces along the lower 15 km of the river, beginning in 1938 and continuing to the present. The channel was at its steepest as the lake reached its historical lowstand during the 1960s, which corresponded to the highest sediment transport rates. Since that time, lake level has rebounded and the channel has grown less steep, decreasing sediment transport rates. Changes in these rates likely reflect the degree to which the channel is out of equilibrium with respect to discharge and sediment supply. The total volume of sediment removed from the lower Truckee River since 1891 is approx. 60,000,000 cubic meters, which if spread across the flat floor of Pyramid Lake would amount to a layer about 25 cm thick. This relatively rapid deposition has caused a temporary increase in long-term sedimentation rates in the lake. Extrapolating to larger spatial and longer time scales, the evacuation of large river trenches cut into the floors of pluvial lake basins was probably a rapid process as the lakes receded at the end of the Pleistocene, which caused large increases in sedimentation rates in the receiving basins.


Magmatic growth and batholithic root development in the northern Sierra Nevada, California
M.R. Cecil et al., California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. Posted online 19 April 2012; doi: 10.1130/GES00729.1.

The Sierra Nevada batholith of California is an extensive belt of granitoid rocks that developed as a result of subduction along the margin of western North America over the course of more than 100 million years. Although the Sierra Nevada has been a subject of interest and much geologic study going back to the days of the California Gold Rush, there remain outstanding questions regarding the petrogenetic growth of the batholith. By comparison with the southern Sierra Nevada, we understand relatively little about the timing of magmatism and the geochemical development of the smaller, patchier northern batholith. In this study, M.R. Cecil and colleagues sample granitoid intrusions across two range-perpendicular transects. They then determined crystallization ages, geochemical signatures, and isotopic compositions of the granitoids in order to identify spatial and temporal trends in batholith petrogenesis. Isotopic signatures in the northern granitoids are more primitive than those recorded in the southern batholith, reflecting emplacement into more juvenile lithosphere. The major and trace element geochemistry of the northern granitoids, however, is very similar to those in the southern Sierra, suggesting that emplacement into juvenile, less fertile lithosphere does not preclude volumetrically significant magmatism. Additionally, the authors recognize diagnostic trace element patterns indicative of the development of a dense, mafic root in conjunction with granitoid genesis. Available geophysical data clearly shows the absence of such a root at the base of the crust in the northern Sierra. It is therefore suggested that the mafic root was removed, perhaps in response to the onset of Miocene volcanism in the area.


Unraveling the central Appalachian fold-thrust belt, Pennsylvania: The power of sequentially restored balanced cross sections for a blind fold-thrust belt
Peter B. Sak et al., Dept. of Earth Sciences, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013, USA. Posted online 19 April 2012; doi: 10.1130/GES00676.1.

Peter B. Sak and colleagues present a kinematic model for the sequential development of the Appalachian fold-thrust belt (eastern U.S.) across a classic transect through the Pennsylvania salient. They use new map and strain data to create a balanced geologic cross section from the southern edge of the Valley and Ridge Province to the northern Appalachian Plateau. This region of the central Appalachian fold-thrust belt is an ideal location to illustrate the incorporation of strain data in balanced cross sections, because it cannot be balanced without quantifying grain-scale strain. Sak and colleagues use a sequentially restored, balanced cross section to show how layer-parallel shortening (LPS) is distributed above and ahead of thrust and fold shortening and constrains the geometric and kinematic evolution of a passive roof duplex. By combining line length and area balancing of a kinematically viable cross section with LPS estimates in both the Valley and Ridge Province (20%) and Appalachian Plateau (13%), they document the total magnitude of shortening in both the folded cover sequence and the duplexed lower layer of the fold-thrust belt.

###

Abstracts for these and other GEOSPHERE papers are available at http://geosphere.gsapubs.org/. Representatives of the media may obtain complimentary copies of GEOSPHERE articles by contacting Kea Giles at the address above.

Please discuss articles of interest with the authors before publishing stories on their work, and please make reference to GEOSPHERE in articles published. Contact Kea Giles for additional information or assistance.

Non-media requests for articles may be directed to GSA Sales and Service, gsaservice@geosociety.org.



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 19-Apr-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Kea Giles
kgiles@geosociety.org
Geological Society of America

New Geosphere science posted online ahead of print April 19

Boulder, Colo., USA Five new Geosphere articles posted online today include additions to themed issues: "Exploring the Deep Sea and Beyond"; "Seeing the True Shape of Earth's Surface: Applications of Airborne and Terrestrial LiDAR in the Geosciences"; and "Geodynamics and Consequences of Lithospheric Removal in the Sierra Nevada, California." Locations studied: the Sierra Nevada, California; the San Juan volcanic field, Colorado; the western Alaska continental margin: Kodiak to Unimak; Pyramid Lake, Nevada; and the Appalachian fold-thrust belt, Pennsylvania.

Geophysical study of the San Juan Mountains batholith complex, southwestern Colorado
Benjamin J. Drenth et al., Conoco-Phillips School of Geology & Geophysics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA; and U.S. Geological Survey, MS 964, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, USA. Posted online 19 April 2012; doi: 10.1130/GES00715.1.

The San Juan volcanic field in southwestern Colorado, USA, is one of the largest examples of silicic volcanism in the world. The volcanic rocks on the surface have been studied in detail for several decades, although related rocks that exist at depth and were never erupted have not been well-studied. Benjamin J. Drenth and colleagues use a combination of gravity and seismic geophysical methods to study the subsurface beneath the volcanic field. They image large igneous intrusive complex to estimate its shape, thickness, and volume. These results provide new constraints on the development of the volcanic field and related buried rocks.


Subducting plate geology in three great earthquake ruptures of the western Alaska margin, Kodiak to Unimak
Roland von Huene et al., emeritus, U.S. Geological Survey, and emeritus, Geomar Institute for Marine Geoscience, Wischhofstrasse 1-3, 24149 Kiel, Germany. Posted online 19 April 2012; doi: 10.1130/GES00715.1.

The western Alaska continental margin has a history of destructive earthquakes, some of which produced trans-Pacific tsunamis that inundated the U.S. mainland's west coast. These earthquakes occur when the interface between the continental upper plate and the under-thrust oceanic lower plate rupture. Three great earthquakes were recorded at multiple seismometers in the past 70 years. Their aftershock distribution approximates the extent of rupture. Roland von Huene and colleagues examined the geologic character of these ruptures to understand them better. Earthquake ruptures run through oceanic sediment which was carried on the ocean crust to their present position beneath the continent during the past 10 million years. By reconstructing the 10-million-year history of geologic processes along the continental margin, they were able to infer the types of these deeply buried ruptured materials. They found that differences in material correlate with individual earthquake ruptures. They also found that ridges in the Gulf of Alaska with volcanoes up to 3 km high intersect and rupture the continental slope topography. This geology indicates that the ridges and volcanoes most likely extend under the continent. The inferred deeply buried ridge locations occur where the ruptures of two great earthquakes on either side ended. This indicates that under-thrust ocean relief probably blocked further propagation of earthquake rupture. At other under-thrust volcanoes, earthquake rupture began, indicating that high relief on the rupture plane can also trigger earthquakes, as has been observed elsewhere. If under thrust ridges and volcanoes have controlled earthquake ruptures in the past, they may constrain and initiate future earthquakes. Such knowledge can help efforts to anticipate where the next great earthquake and tsunami may occur. The submarine Alaska continental slope is locally unstable, and huge landslide scars up to 45 km wide are observed. These may also be involved with tsunami generation, but data are insufficient along the Alaskan margin to understand their role. The tsunami of 1946 that damaged not only its Alaskan source region but also Hawaii and Pacific Islands to Antarctica is proposed to have involved submarine land sliding during this earthquake. This study helps determine where monitoring instruments and better marine geophysical data along the vast Alaska continental margin can help in the quest to anticipate future earthquake hazards that can affect the mainland U.S. west coast.


Response of the Truckee River to lowering base level at Pyramid Lake, NV, based on historical air photos and LiDAR data
Kenneth D. Adams, Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, Nevada 89512, USA . Posted online 19 April 2012; doi: 10.1130/GES00698.1.

Over the last 120 years, the level of Pyramid Lake has dropped by about 20 m due to upstream water use and diversion. In response, the inflowing Truckee River incised its bed and widened its channel, causing the river to become steeper, straighter, and smoother. Kenneth D. Adams of the Desert Research Institute uses aerial photographs and LiDAR topographic data to track this incision and the formation of stream terraces along the lower 15 km of the river, beginning in 1938 and continuing to the present. The channel was at its steepest as the lake reached its historical lowstand during the 1960s, which corresponded to the highest sediment transport rates. Since that time, lake level has rebounded and the channel has grown less steep, decreasing sediment transport rates. Changes in these rates likely reflect the degree to which the channel is out of equilibrium with respect to discharge and sediment supply. The total volume of sediment removed from the lower Truckee River since 1891 is approx. 60,000,000 cubic meters, which if spread across the flat floor of Pyramid Lake would amount to a layer about 25 cm thick. This relatively rapid deposition has caused a temporary increase in long-term sedimentation rates in the lake. Extrapolating to larger spatial and longer time scales, the evacuation of large river trenches cut into the floors of pluvial lake basins was probably a rapid process as the lakes receded at the end of the Pleistocene, which caused large increases in sedimentation rates in the receiving basins.


Magmatic growth and batholithic root development in the northern Sierra Nevada, California
M.R. Cecil et al., California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. Posted online 19 April 2012; doi: 10.1130/GES00729.1.

The Sierra Nevada batholith of California is an extensive belt of granitoid rocks that developed as a result of subduction along the margin of western North America over the course of more than 100 million years. Although the Sierra Nevada has been a subject of interest and much geologic study going back to the days of the California Gold Rush, there remain outstanding questions regarding the petrogenetic growth of the batholith. By comparison with the southern Sierra Nevada, we understand relatively little about the timing of magmatism and the geochemical development of the smaller, patchier northern batholith. In this study, M.R. Cecil and colleagues sample granitoid intrusions across two range-perpendicular transects. They then determined crystallization ages, geochemical signatures, and isotopic compositions of the granitoids in order to identify spatial and temporal trends in batholith petrogenesis. Isotopic signatures in the northern granitoids are more primitive than those recorded in the southern batholith, reflecting emplacement into more juvenile lithosphere. The major and trace element geochemistry of the northern granitoids, however, is very similar to those in the southern Sierra, suggesting that emplacement into juvenile, less fertile lithosphere does not preclude volumetrically significant magmatism. Additionally, the authors recognize diagnostic trace element patterns indicative of the development of a dense, mafic root in conjunction with granitoid genesis. Available geophysical data clearly shows the absence of such a root at the base of the crust in the northern Sierra. It is therefore suggested that the mafic root was removed, perhaps in response to the onset of Miocene volcanism in the area.


Unraveling the central Appalachian fold-thrust belt, Pennsylvania: The power of sequentially restored balanced cross sections for a blind fold-thrust belt
Peter B. Sak et al., Dept. of Earth Sciences, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013, USA. Posted online 19 April 2012; doi: 10.1130/GES00676.1.

Peter B. Sak and colleagues present a kinematic model for the sequential development of the Appalachian fold-thrust belt (eastern U.S.) across a classic transect through the Pennsylvania salient. They use new map and strain data to create a balanced geologic cross section from the southern edge of the Valley and Ridge Province to the northern Appalachian Plateau. This region of the central Appalachian fold-thrust belt is an ideal location to illustrate the incorporation of strain data in balanced cross sections, because it cannot be balanced without quantifying grain-scale strain. Sak and colleagues use a sequentially restored, balanced cross section to show how layer-parallel shortening (LPS) is distributed above and ahead of thrust and fold shortening and constrains the geometric and kinematic evolution of a passive roof duplex. By combining line length and area balancing of a kinematically viable cross section with LPS estimates in both the Valley and Ridge Province (20%) and Appalachian Plateau (13%), they document the total magnitude of shortening in both the folded cover sequence and the duplexed lower layer of the fold-thrust belt.

###

Abstracts for these and other GEOSPHERE papers are available at http://geosphere.gsapubs.org/. Representatives of the media may obtain complimentary copies of GEOSPHERE articles by contacting Kea Giles at the address above.

Please discuss articles of interest with the authors before publishing stories on their work, and please make reference to GEOSPHERE in articles published. Contact Kea Giles for additional information or assistance.

Non-media requests for articles may be directed to GSA Sales and Service, gsaservice@geosociety.org.



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


x factor finale pro bowl voting kindle fire update college board pasco county rooney mara solstice

The Advantages to Using the APA format

Writers often are required to use one out of several different formats when writing a paper. For the behavioral and social sciences as well as in education, the APA format is the preferred choice. This format was created by the American Psychological Association in 1929 to establish rules in structuring a paper that will enable ease of reading for both publishers and readers. There are several advantages to using this format in your paper.

The APA format is widely used in many fields of academia. By using the APA format in your paper, you are less likely to have to restructure your paper upon submittal to your professor, the journal?s editor, or a publisher. It also means that it is not necessary for you to learn many formats when writing about different topics. The APA format also gives structure and order in your paper, making it more professional and formal.

It also lends credibility to the paper because many readers, particularly in the scientific fields, are accustomed to reading works in this format. And those that fail to comply are sometimes met with doubt and shock.

Another advantage to using the APA style is that it leaves you no room to wonder about how the contents should be structured. The rules set within this format detail the size of the margins, the spacing required, and even what font should be used. It also gives the writer instructions on how sources should be cited within the body paragraphs and in the references section. Page numbers, headings, and even abbreviations also are discussed in the APA Format?s manual. Knowing how to structure your paper will enable you to focus more on your content.

Using the APA format also allows the writer to further develop his or her writing skills.

While many are aware that the format has set rules for structuring a paper, it also discusses the ins and outs of grammar that will help any writer. In addition, it also helps develop a person?s critical thinking skills. It promotes unbiased writing and asks writers to ensure that their paper has a neutral perspective. This includes avoiding the use of gender pronouns and making sure that there is no bias contained in any of the text.

Writers are also able to use images in their paper with the APA style. The guidelines include how writers can insert and use charts, tables, and graphs in their paper for ease of reading the data and in understanding it as well. While the written text can be a powerful thing, images enable readers to quickly grasp the concepts presented in the paper, particularly in the scientific fields where a huge amount of numbers may be required in presenting data.

?

The last, but certainly not the least, advantage that one has when using the APA format is the presence of numerous materials that will help writers in learning and using the format. The APA manual can easily be referenced through the APA website, which also has several tutorials and examples for writers. Because of its pervasive use, there are also numerous other sources of information that can be found online about how to use this format. While it can certainly be challenging to use at first, the popularity of the format helps writers find it easier to learn with so many guides to choose from.

?

world financial center shabazz muhammad angela corey zimmerman charged bonobos charles manson anderson cooper